Jatindra Nath Das was an Indian freedom fighter and a member of the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA). He was also a member of several other Indian independence movements, such as the Non-Cooperation Movement started by Mahatma Gandhi in 1921. Jatindra Nath Das died on the 13th at the age of 29 after a 63-day hunger strike in Lahore Prison. In September 1929, Jatindra Nath Das demanded that Indian revolutionary prisoners be given equal treatment to European prisoners in Lahore jail.
Wiki/Biography
Jatindra Nath Das was born on Thursday, October 27, 1904, in Calcutta, Bengal Territory, British India (age 24 at the time of death). His zodiac sign is Scorpio. Soon after completing her studies, Jatindra Nath Das went to Vidyasagar College in Kolkata, India, to pursue her Bachelor of Arts degree.
family
Parents and siblings
His father’s name is Bankim Behari Das. His mother’s name is Suhasini Das. He has a younger brother named Kiron Das.
wife
He is not married.
early life
Jatindra Nath Das was born and raised in a middle-class family in Kolkata. In his school days, he was a bright student and completed the entrance examination in the first grade. When Jatindra Nath Das received his school education, he was inclined towards revolutionary activities. Soon after graduating from school, he joined the Bengali revolutionary group Anushilan Samiti. In 1921, at the age of 17, Jatindra Nath Das joined the non-cooperation movement led by Mahatma Gandhi.
revolutionary activities
hunger strike
In 1925, he was arrested by the British police for participating in anti-British activities and was imprisoned in Mymensingh Prison in Bangladesh. Jatindra Nath Das experienced the mistreatment of Indian revolutionary prisoners in prison by the British government. In order to demand improvements, Jatindra Nath Das went on a hunger strike for twenty days. Later, the prison director apologized to Jatindra Nath Das and accepted his demands. Soon, Das gave up his hunger strike. During this period, Das learned how to make bombs from the famous Indian revolutionary Sachindra Nath Sanyal. On June 14, 1929, Jatindra Nas Das was arrested again by the British authorities for his involvement in the Lahore Conspiracy Case. This time Jatindra Nas Das was sent to Lahore Prison. In Lahore jail, he was distraught at the miserable condition of revolutionary Indian prisoners, who were fed unhygienic food from the kitchen, where many rats and cockroaches were found roaming, and the uniforms of these Indian prisoners Dirty and smelly. Haven’t washed it for many days. Indian prisoners were not provided with the same reading and writing facilities as European and British prisoners. Jatindra Nath Das then decided to speak out against this discrimination in jails and went on a hunger strike on July 13, 1929. British authorities beat Jatindra Nath Das during his hunger strike and attempted to force-feed him. This force-feeding left his lungs damaged and his body partially paralyzed. Prison authorities decided to release him after monitoring his medical condition, but the British government refused to release him unconditionally.
die
Jatindra Nath Das died on September 13, 1929, after a 63-day hunger strike in Lahore jail.
funeral procession
His funeral procession, led by female revolutionary freedom fighter Durgawati Devi, traveled from Lahore jail to Kolkata. Thousands of Indians gathered on the train for his funeral procession. Subhash Chandra Bose received the coffin of Jatindra Nath Das at Howrah railway station. His coffin was carried on foot from Howrah railway station to the crematorium two miles away. According to media sources, this is one of the largest and largest funeral processions in Indian history. In Kanpur, Ganesh Shankar Vidyati and Jawaharlal Nehru led the funeral procession, and in Allahabad, Kamla Nehru led Jatindra Nath Da Si’s funeral. The then Viceroy of India informed the authorities in London of the death of Jatindra Nath Das. He said,
Mr. Das, who was involved in the hunger strike conspiracy case, died at 1 pm today. Last night, five hunger strikers gave up their hunger strike. So, only Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt are on strike. “
A book titled “Introduction to Martyr Jatin Das” states that on the evening of September 13, 1929, The Tribune clicked a photo of the body of Jatindra Natdas at the gate of Lahore Jail. The photo was described as Decorated with garlands and flowers. It mentioned,
After photos were taken of the fallen hero, the coffin was decorated with garlands and flowers. Jatin’s body was buried under a pile of flowers soaked in scented water. His head rested on the large pillow, just a skeleton. The bloodless face, with sunken cheeks and sunken eyes, bore traces of death pain. It was easy to see that he was dying inch by inch. “
News excerpts published by The Indian Tribune after the death of Jatin Nath Das in 1929
The photo of Jatin’s body shook the soul of the Indian people and was published in the Tribune the day after his death. The anger of the Indians forced the British Empire to change its policy and hand over the revolutionary’s body to the Indians. their relatives. According to reports, all shops from Lahore to Kolkata were closed during the funeral procession of Jatindra Nas Das. Many people gathered for the funeral and someone was spotted scattering coins on his body. Others were spotted collecting the coins and were told the coins would be used by them as decorations for their children.
after death
Soon after the death of Jatindra Nath Das, Punjab Legislative Council leaders Mohammad Alam and Gopi Chand Bhargava resigned from their respective positions in the party in protest against the British. Motilal Nehru prorogued the Central Assembly to protest against the British government’s ill-treatment of Indian revolutionaries in prisons. Regarding the martyrdom of Jatindra Nath Das, Congress leader Jawaharlal Nehru said:
One more name has been added to the long and glorious list of Indian martyrs. Let us bow our heads and pray for the strength to take action and keep fighting, no matter how long, no matter the consequences, until victory is ours. “
The martyrdom of Jatindra Nath Das has been compared with the sacrifice of Dadhichi of Subhash Chandra Bose. Bose said that the famous mythological yogi Dadhichi sacrificed his life to kill demons and Jatindra Nath Das died to eradicate the British Empire from India .
Facts/Trivia
- He is also known as Jatin.
- On September 12, 1929, a day before the martyrdom of Jatindra Nath Das, Muhammad Ali Jinnah delivered a historic speech in which he said, The soul of the man who went on hunger strike in Lahore jail believed in equality and justice. He said,
People on hunger strike have souls. He was moved by that soul and he believed his cause was just. “
- Several cases of illegal detention by the British government, soon after being inspired by Jatindra Das’s death on hunger strike in Lahore jail, were opposed by many other prominent Indian freedom fighters.
- Later, Karma McLean, associate professor of South Asian and World History at the University of New South Wales in Australia, mentioned in her book “A History of the Indian Revolution in the Interwar Period” that the British stopped treating Indian revolutionaries in their families after 1997 corpse. Jatindra Nath Das died in custody in Lahore jail. she wrote,
As The Tribune’s front page noted, Das’ death had a major impact on nationalist politics. Thereafter, the British stopped handing over the bodies of revolutionaries to their relatives. “
She continued that the funeral procession of Jatindra Nath Das caused a media sensation as the train carrying his body stopped at major stations for many people to view. she wrote,
Jatin Das’ body has been handed over to his family, but Bangladesh will be responsible for repatriating him to Bangladesh. The train stopped at the main station and many people viewed the body. This created a media sensation that reached all the way to Kolkata. “
- During Das’s hunger strike, Jatindra Nath Das’ brother Kiron Das took care of him in Lahore jail, which was allowed by the British government.
- Later, according to Shiv Verma, a comrade of Jitendra Nath Das who was sentenced to life imprisonment in Lahore jail and published a book called “Samsmritiyan”, in which Shiv Verma mentioned that the character of Jatin Das was a serious-looking, Sound, kind people. A soft-spoken person.
- According to reports, Jitendra Nath Das never followed doctors’ advice when he was on hunger strike. He even refused to take medicine from them. He also rejected the advice of prominent Congress politicians who tried to persuade Jitendra Nath Das to stop his hunger strike. However, he took the medicine at the behest of Bhagat Singh. Jatindra Nath Das was once asked why he followed the instructions of Bhagat Singh. Then he replied:
You have no idea how brave he is! I could never refuse his offer. “
- Jatindra Nath Das said the hunger strike was a clear revolt against British rule in India. Based on Jatindra Nath Das’s conversations with revolutionary comrades, he found hunger strikes to be much more difficult than gun battles. He said,
By declaring a hunger strike, we are entering into a difficult battle, even more difficult than a gun battle. It is more difficult to move toward death inch by inch than to die by a bullet or the gallows. It is beneath the dignity of a revolutionary to engage in struggle and retreat. It is better not to join the struggle than to give up halfway. “
- The Government of India issued a thirty paise stamp bearing the name and photo of Jatindra Nath Das to commemorate his sacrifices during the Indian independence movement.
Jatindra Nath Das appears on Indian postage stamps in 1979
- In 2002, Indian actor Amitabh Bhattacharjee played the role of “Jatindra Nath Das” in the movie “The Legend of Bhagat Singh”.
- The documentary “Immortal Jatin Das” was released in 2009. The 35-minute story depicts the sacrifices made by Jatindra Nath Das during India’s freedom struggle.
- Later, in West Bengal, a statue was erected in the memory of Jatindra Nath Das to commemorate his sacrifices for the freedom of India.
Statue of Jatindra Nas Das
- A research paper titled “How Empire Matters: Imperial Structure and Globalization in the Era of British Imperialism” analyzes that the death of Jatindra Nath Das due to a long hunger strike led to the illegal detention of the British government. revolt, which led to more hunger strikes by Indian revolutionaries in Deoli and the Andaman Islands. The report further analyzed that the British government found it difficult to defend the illegal arrest of thousands of people without trial. It mentioned,
Jatin Das’s hunger strike in 1929, which led to his death, was a key moment in the struggle against illegal detention; hunger strikes in Deoli in 1932 and in the Andaman Islands in 1934 and 1937 further intensified the colonial government’s doubts about why it had not Public relations problems faced when trying to justify the imprisonment of thousands of people. “
Categories: Biography
Source: HIS Education