Lala Har Dayal was an Indian revolutionary freedom fighter. He was an accomplished academic who gave up a career in civil service to join the Indian independence movement. During World War I, his simple life and patriotic fervor inspired some Indians living in Canada and the United States to join the movement against British rule in India.
Wiki/Biography
Lala Har Dayal was born Har Dayal Singh Mathu on Tuesday, October 14, 1884, in Delhi, Delhi District, Punjab Province, British India (now India) Har Dayal Singh Mathur (age 54; time of death). His zodiac sign is Libra. He received his BA in Sanskrit from St. Stephen’s College, Delhi. Later, he went to Panjab University to obtain a master’s degree in Sanskrit.
appearance
Hair color: black
Eye color: black
family
Lala Har Dayal was born into a Hindu Mathur Kayastha family.
Parents and siblings
His father’s name is Gauri Dayal Mathur, a district court judge. His mother’s name was Boli Rani.
early life
Lala Har Dayal was a great follower of Indian revolutionary freedom fighters Shyamji Krishna Varma, Vinayak Damodar Savarkar and Bhikaji Cama and was also deeply influenced by the Arya Samaj ideology. His struggle for Indian independence was similar to that of Giuseppe Mazzini, Karl Marx and Mikhail Bakunin. According to an American scholar, Mark Juergensmeyer, quoting Lala Har Dayal:
Atheists, revolutionaries, Buddhists, and pacifists, in that order.”
In 1907, while studying at St John’s College, Oxford University, England, he wrote a letter to the magazine “Indian Sociologist”. He pointed out in the letter,
The goal is not to reform government but to reform it, if necessary, leaving only nominal traces of its existence. “
Shortly after this letter against colonial rule in India was published in The Sociologist, the British government placed him under covert surveillance. That same year, he gave up his Oxford scholarship and made the controversial statement,
To hell with ICS”
In 1908, he returned to India and lived a hard life. In India, he published several articles in leading Indian newspapers against colonial repression in India, leading the British government to object to his further writings. Later, on the advice of Lala Lajpat Rai, he moved abroad to evade police arrest. In 1909, he arrived in Paris. He served as editor of Vande Mataram, an Indian publication founded by the India Publishing House in Paris in September 1909 under the leadership of Ms. Bhikaiji Cama.
A 1909 issue of Vande Mataram publication
Later, he moved from Paris to Algeria. Then he went to Cuba and then to Japan. After that, he stayed in Martinique for a long time, living a lonely and isolated life. He lived on simple foods such as boiled grains and potatoes. He gave up all worldly comforts, slept on the floor and meditated in private places. Bhai Parmanand of the Arya Samaj faith traveled to Martinique to care for him. Soon, Bhai Parmanand and Har Dayal discussed Buddhism with each other and soon started following the same religion. Later, Haldayal’s friend Guy Aldred explained to him that Buddhism does not believe in religious gods and that all humans on earth belong to the same community and follow moral behavior and normative laws. Later, Bhai Parmanand revealed to his companions that Lala Khar Dayal wanted to spread the ideology of the Aryan race and its ancient roots in the United States. Soon he went to Boston and then to California. There, he wrote about his extremely happy and peaceful life in the United States. Soon he moved to Honolulu, Hawaii. There he made some Japanese Buddhist friends and spent some time meditating on Waikiki Beach. At the same time, he studied the writings of Karl Marx. One of his works entitled “Certain Phases of Contemporary Indian Thought” was published in a Calcutta-based journal called “Modern Review”. Thereafter, his companion Bhai Parmanand inspired Lala Har Dayal to move to California.
american radicalism
In 1911, Lala Har Dayal arrived in the United States and joined industrial unionism. Thereafter, he served as secretary of the San Francisco chapter of the Industrial Workers of the World. In the United States, Lala Har Dayal, an active member of the Brotherhood of the Red Banner, explained the principles of the revolutionary organization founded in California in 1912. He said,
The establishment of communism, the abolition of private ownership of land and capital through industrial organization and general strikes, and ultimately the abolition of the coercive organization of government. “
The following year, Haldayar established the Bakunin Institute of California, which he called
The first anarchist monastery”
California nationalists provided the group with land and houses in Oakland, California, where it operated alongside the Risorgimento movement started by Mexicans Ricardo and Enrique Flores Magon. Later, Lala Kha Dayal served as professor of Indian philosophy and Sanskrit at Leland Stanford University. Soon, he was expelled from the university for his involvement in the anarchist movement and its activities. During his stay in California, he met Punjabi Sikh farmers in Stockton. These Sikh communities began migrating to the West Coast toward the end of the century because they were attracted by the behavior of Canadians living in Vancouver. Lala Ha Dayal was also attracted to the Sikhs and Punjabis living in Canada. There, Hardayar inspired Indians to become educated in Western science, political philosophy, and sociology as propaganda against colonial rule. Soon he obtained funds from a wealthy farmer in Stockton named Jwala Singh, and with companions Teja Singh, Tarak Na The Guru Govind Singh Sahib Educational Scholarship was established for Indian students with the help of Tarak Nath Das and Arthur Pope. Like Shyamji Krishna Varma, Lala Har Dayal opened India House in Berkeley as a residence for scholarship-winning Indian students. The most popular students of the college are Nand Singh Sehra, Darisi Chenchiah and Gobind Behari Lal. They live near UC Berkeley. On December 23, 1912, Indian activist Basanta Kumar Biswas attempted to assassinate the Viceroy of India. This incident had such an impact on Hal Dayal that he personally went to the Nalanda Club of Indian Students conveyed the message. There he delivered a speech that ended with an Urdu couplet:
Pagari apani sambhaliyega ‘Mir’! Aur basti nahin, ye Dilli hai!!”
[Take care of your turban Mr Mir ! (Note: Here Mir is Quoted for Britishers.)This is not just any town, this is Delhi, India Okay !!]
Soon after the speech, the members of Vande Mataram were singing and dancing at the Nalanda Club. He then gave a speech, telling everyone excitedly that he was proud that one of his anarchist friends had tried to assassinate the Viceroy of India. Suddenly, he took out a pamphlet he called the “Yugantar Bulletin,” which highly praised the explosion:
Long live! Long live! Long live!
The bomb of December 23, 1912
A harbinger of hope and courage
Dear awakener of sleeping souls
Concentrated Moral Dynamite
revolutionary esperanto
Who can describe the moral power of the bomb? It is a concentrated moral dynamite. When the strong and cunning, out of pride of power, parade their glory before their helpless victims, when the rich and naughty put themselves on a pedestal and demand that their slaves kneel before them pour and worship them, when the wicked of the earth seem to ascend to the sky, and nothing seems to be able to withstand their power, and then in that dark hour, for the glory of man, the bombs come down and level the tyrants. It tells all cowering slaves that He who sits on the throne of God is only a man like them. Then, in that moment of shame, a bomb proclaimed the eternal truth of human equality and carried proud superiors and governors from palaces and Gouda to graves and hospitals. Then, in that tense moment, when humanity is ashamed of itself, the bomb declares the vanity of power and pomp and saves us from our own meanness.
How great do we feel when someone does something heroic? We share his moral strength. We rejoice in his assertion of human equality and dignity. “
— Lala Hardayal (Yugantar Notice 1913)
literature
“Our Educational Problems” published in 1922, “Reflections on Education, the Social Conquest of the Hindu Race”, “Lala Hal Dayal” published in 1920, “Forty-Four in Germany and Turkey” “Moon” was published in 1920, “Lala Khar Dayal” in 1922 and “Amrit I Vish” in 1922. 1922, “Tips on Self-cultivation”, 1934, “A List of World Religions”, 1932 “Bodhisattva Teachings”. He also wrote a 392-page, 7-chapter book on the Bodhisattva teachings mentioned in Buddhist Sanskrit texts.
die
Lala Ha Dayal was detained by the U.S. government for her role in spreading anarchism. To escape police arrest, he moved to Berlin, Germany. There he formed the Berlin Committee and worked for the German Intelligence Service against the East. After that, he lived in Sweden for ten years and received his doctorate from the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London in 1930. In 1932, he published a book titled Self-Cultural Tips. Lala Har Dayal died in Philadelphia on March 4, 1939. Before his death, he gave his usual speech. He mentioned in his speech,
I get along with everyone. “
Later, Lala Khar Dayal’s friend Lala Hanumant Sahai suspected that Khar Dayal’s death was not natural and said it might have been poisoning. Lala Hanumant Sahai was a founder member of the Bharat Mata Society established in 1907.
Facts/Trivia
- The word “Lara” before the name is not a surname used by the Kayastha community, but an honorific for the outstanding writer.
- Lala Har Dayal was awarded two scholarships by the University of Oxford in 1905 for higher education in England, called the Sanskrit: Borden Scholarships. In 1907 his school, St. John’s College, Derry, awarded him the Cuthbird Exhibition Prize.
- Professor Dharmavira expressed his appreciation for Har Dayal’s work. One of his comments about Lala Ha Dayal is mentioned below:
Haldayal dedicated his life to the sacred cause of his motherland. Surely only such a person can ask: “Good Master, what should I do to inherit eternal life?” Let us drink from this spring and let every nerve and fiber in us be filled with joy, strength and courage. He is one of the races that writes a new era with blood. His approach was industrious, honest, simple, independent, and noble; all of these to a great extent. His experience of inner and outer struggles was not insignificant, and was not limited to his youth but pervaded his entire life. Lala Har Dayal was in the style of Janak and Dadhichi and his life proved that he had what it takes. “
—Professor Dharmavira (July 9, 1969)
- In 1987, the Indian Postal Department issued a stamp in the name of Lala Ha Dayal to commemorate his sacrifice for India’s independence and against the colonial rule of foreign territories.
Stamp issued in honor of Lala Ha Dayal
Categories: Biography
Source: HIS Education